Brasilia, la utópica ciudad con extrema belleza arquitectónica
Quito 21 de abril 2017
Nota de Prensa No 014
La capital de Brasil está cumpliendo 57 años de fundación. Una ciudad pensada para el comercio, la igualdad y la grandeza del país al que representa. Su belleza arquitectónica y las grandes factorías que la definen como la capital industrial de América Latina da mucho por descubrir tras la historia de quienes crearon una Nación de riqueza e innovación.
Brasilia, se convirtió en el sueño hecho realidad de Juscelino Kubitschek, quien en 1957 prometió a Brasil una nueva y mejorada capital, justo en el centro del país, que fuera funcional para la economía, política y la jurisdicción de las demás provincias. Es así como Kubitschek se convirtió en Presidente y tras un concurso para desarrollar el diseño de la ciudad, Lucio Costa lo gana y en cinco años transformaron lo que fue una zona pantanosa en la cumbre de la arquitectura moderna actual. Fundada el 20 de abril de 1960, Brasilia es el claro ejemplo de que los sueños de un hombre se pueden volver realidad.
Nombres destacados en el diseño y construcción de la ciudad se han transformado en ejemplos de la planificación, la fuerza política y la determinación por lograr un objetivo específico. Oscar Niemeyer, Lució Costa, Burle Marx y Kubitschek lograron hacer de Brasilia un ejemplo de voluntad que busque el bien común. Reconocidos monumentos a la arquitectura que han sido pilares para el desarrollo del diseño arquitectónico en el mundo; La Catedral, El Palacio de Planalto, Museo Nacional, los jardines que decoran los palacios y el monumento JK, aseguran al espectador un magnífico paisaje que inspira a romper estereotipos.
Inspirados por el trabajo arquitectónico de Le Corbusier, arquitecto y teórico de la arquitectura suiza de los años 20, quien admiraba la línea y la capacidad de está de llegar a la curva, por la mezcla de materiales, Niemeyer y Costa construyeron la ciudad basándose en largas líneas que dibujen paisajes naturales, que sean capaces de transformar la visión de la ciudad e inspiren a la gente a crear sus propias líneas de vida. Con estos lineamientos existenciales y arquitectónicos Brasilia se diseñó como una cruz que apuntara al norte, pero la distribución y construcción posterior le dió una forma de avión, en la cual en el centro están erigidos muchos de los monumentos antes mencionados.
La planificación paisajista y los jardines también son de suma importancia. Roberto Brule Marx, fue el, encargado de mostrar esta parte natural de Brasilia en los jardines de la ciudad, basándose en él constructivismo y el arte abstracto. Muchas de las obras de Marx, son impresionantes maneras de entender la ciudad en sí, el Lago Paranoá, construido para fines ecológicos y deportivos, fueron sus mayores obras en la capital brasileña. La mayoría de los trabajos erguidos en Brasilia son pensados desde la arquitectura moderna y basados en trabajos de importantes personajes fundadores de movimientos de vanguardia; Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, director de la escuela del Bauhaus en los años 30, quien también fue gran inspiración para convertir a Brasilia en un monumento a la arquitectura moderna.
Si bien la ciudad se pensó como un centro donde las clases sociales no existían y todos tenían un rol especifico que desempañar en su vida, esto fue imposible por la verdadera naturaleza del ser humano, es por eso que la utopía del habitante de Brasilia, pensada desde el socialismo, se transformó en una obra de arte moderna que permite a los habitantes y a los visitantes ver la fuerza que tiene un gobierno unido con su pueblo. Si bien por su estructura pensada en ser un ambiente moderno y casi vanguardista, al momento de movilizarse, Brasilia es un tanto hostil con el peatón, pues sus grandes distancias y su inclemente clima hacen que sea difícil habitarla, pero no visitarla, trasmitiendo fascinación al que la conoce.
La arquitectura es un arte que acompaña a los seres humanos desde el principio de los tiempos, la capacidad de renovar o crear espacios para la vida cotidiana es el arte de ajustar, diseñar, planificar la vida desde la comodidad, funcionalidad y el trabajo.
Etiquetas: #Arquitectura #IEPIaporta
Enlaces relacionados: Pablo Gamboa Santos, una fascinante mirada al arte desde el reciclaje
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